Category Title
EPA's Reference Method 2, for the “Determination of Stack Velocity and Volumetric Flow Rate (Type S pitot tube)”, is biased for engines because it assumes steady state flow in the exhaust system. In tests, Reference Method 2 has been shown to give exhaust flow rates in error by as much as 40%. Where unacceptable conditions exist, EPA RM2 recommends alternative procedures, including the calculation of the total volumetric flow rate stoichiometrically. The natural gas industry has extensive experience in diagnosing and correcting volumetric measurement bias. This experience has been used in the evaluation of the identified bias. This paper identifies specific instances of bias in the EPA RM2, presents comparative results of a field study, identifies the sources of the bias, and proposes an alternative method to calculate engine exhaust mass flow rates.
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